João de Sousa Carvalho (1745 – c. 1798)

1. Introduction
Carvalho was the most renowen Portuguese composer of his time. Born in Estromoz, Carvalho began studying music in 1753 at  Colégio dos Santos Reis in  Vila Viçosa. He would leave Portugal to study at the Conservatorio di Sabt' Onofrio in Naples soon after. By 1766, his work would become highly respected with one of his first compositions, Mestasio's Libretto, performed in Rome. Following his succes, Carvalho joined the Irmandade de Santa Cecilia in Lisbon where he was appointed professor counterpart and later mestre di capella. In his later years, Carvalho was named the music teacher for the Portuguese royal family, where his legacy as one of the most profound Portuguese composers would be cemented.

2. Works: L'amore Industrioso: Overture
 This work, L'amore Industrioso: Overture was performed in Alba on May 27th.

3. Comparisons
His music, mainly operas, were exceptionally fast-paced for his time. Through his music, he was one of the first to let opera melodies flourish in fast-paced meters. The opera combined classical roots as was the norm of the time. Some of his music, especially L'amore Industrioso includes the classical style as its rhythms are comparable to Mozart and Beethoven.

4. Observations
 His piece L'amore Industrioso: Overture is a great piece full of different aspects of opera and classical music. The beginning is marked by constant crescendos an decrescendos. The second movements contrasts it by slowing the tempo down and focusing on one melody. His use of emotions in the piece is extremely delicate and captivates the audience. The remainder is mainly 16th notes that flow and repeatedly surround the melody as if protecting it.

5. Works Cited
https://www.revolvy.com/topic/Jo%C3%A3o%20de%20Sousa%20Carvalho&item_type=topic

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_de_Sousa_Carvalho

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